E-1/E-2 Treaty Visa for Traders and Investors


✈️ E-1 & E-2 Visa Overview:

The Treaty Trader (E-1) and Treaty Investor (E-2) visas allow nationals of certain countries to come to the United States to engage in trade or manage a business investment.

These visas are only available to citizens of countries that have a qualifying treaty of commerce and navigation with the U.S.


📦 What Is an E-1 Treaty Trader Visa?

The E-1 visa is for individuals who will engage in substantial trade between the United States and their home country.

✅ E-1 Visa Requirements

To qualify for an E-1 visa, you must:

  • Be a citizen of a treaty country
  • Work for or own a business that is at least 50% owned by nationals of the same treaty country
  • Show that the trade is substantial, meaning it involves:
  • A large volume of transactions
  • Regular and continuous trade activity
  • Prove that more than 50% of the trade is between the U.S. and your treaty country
  • Be involved in international trade (goods, services, or technology), where ownership or title passes from one party to another
  • Hold an executive, supervisory, or essential skills role — general labor or unskilled positions do not qualify

💼 What Is an E-2 Treaty Investor Visa?

The E-2 visa is for individuals investing a substantial amount of capital into a U.S. business and coming to develop and direct that business.

✅ E-2 Visa Requirements

To qualify for an E-2 visa, you must:

  • Be a citizen of a treaty country
  • Personally invest, or represent a company that has invested, in a real and active U.S. business
  • Own at least 50% of the business, or have operational control through a management position or other means
  • Make a substantial investment:
  • The amount must be enough to ensure the success of the business
  • A larger percentage is expected for lower-cost ventures
  • Show the investment is not marginal:
  • The business should do more than just support the investor and family
  • It should create jobs or have a positive economic impact in the U.S.
  • Be at risk financially — meaning funds are committed and subject to loss
  • Be coming to the U.S. to develop and manage the business
  • If not the principal investor, you must be in an executive, supervisory, or specialized skill role

⚠️ Passive investments (like real estate or stocks) and uncommitted funds do not qualify.


📝 Proving E-Visa Eligibility

Whether applying for an E-1 or E-2 visa, you must first show that the business or investment:

  • Meets all legal requirements under U.S. immigration law
  • Complies with E-visa classification rules
  • Demonstrates the proper ownership structure, trade activity, or investment funding

A U.S. consular officer will evaluate your application and make the final decision.


🌎 Do You Qualify? Start with a Treaty Country

Not all countries are eligible. To qualify for an E-1 or E-2 visa, your home country must have a valid treaty of commerce with the U.S.

➡️ Check the official list of E-visa treaty countries here


💬 Need Help With Your E-1 or E-2 Visa Application?

Whether you’re a business owner looking to invest in the U.S. or an entrepreneur managing international trade, the E-visa process is complex and highly document-driven.

📞 Contact our office today to schedule a consultation and receive tailored guidance on building a strong E-1 or E-2 visa application.


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Last Revision: March 2025.